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The plant will be 70% of full scale and is expected to attain a stable plasma of 150 million degrees. The plant will be constructed from 2022 to 2025 and is intended to lead the way for commercial pilot plants in the late 2020s. In June 2021, General Fusion announced it would accept the UK government's offer to host the world's first substantial public-private partnership fusion demonstration plant, at Culham Centre for Fusion Energy. In November 2020, an independent expert panel reviewed EUROfusion's design and R&D work on the EU's DEMO, and EUROfusion confirmed it was proceeding with the next step of its Roadmap to Fusion Energy, namely the conceptual design of a DEMO in partnership with the European fusion community and industry, suggesting an EU-backed DEMO-phase machine that could formally bear the DEMO name. Japan also has plans for a DEMO reactor, the JA-DEMO, via its upgraded JT-60, as does South Korea (K-DEMO). China's proposed CFETR machine, a grid-connected gigawatt-generating reactor, overlaps the DEMO timetable. The 3 October 2019 UK Atomic Energy announcement of its Spherical Tokamak for Energy Production (STEP) grid-connected reactor for 2040 suggests a combined DEMO/PROTO phase machine apparently to be designed to leapfrog the ITER timetable. The US appears to be working towards one or more national DEMO-class fusion power plants on a cost-sharing basis. Approximately two dozen private-sector companies are now aiming to develop their own fusion reactors within the DEMO roadmap timetable. Instead, science and technology innovations and the growing interest and potential for private-sector ventures to advance fusion energy concepts and technologies suggest that smaller, more compact facilities would better attract industrial participation and shorten the time and lower the cost of the development path to commercial fusion energy'. Burning Plasma Research' noted, 'a large DEMO device no longer appears to be the best long-term goal for the U.S.

The 2019 US National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine 'Final Report of the Committee on a Strategic Plan for U. DEMO's place in the development of fusion power However, the ITER experience suggests that development of a multi-billion US dollar tokamak-based technology innovation cycle able to develop fusion power stations that can compete with non-fusion energy technologies is likely to encounter the 'valley of death' problem in venture capital, i.e., insufficient investment to go beyond prototypes, as DEMO tokamaks will need to develop new supply chains and are labor intensive.

It is estimated that subsequent commercial fusion reactors could be built for about a quarter of the cost of DEMO. According to timeline from EUROfusion, operation is planned to begin in 2051. To achieve its goals, if utilizing a conventional tokamak design, a DEMO reactor must have linear dimensions aboutġ5% larger than ITER, and a plasma density about 30% greater than ITER. However, the nominal value of the steam turbine is 790 megawatts, which, after overcoming a 5% loss because of the coupling from the turbine to the synchronous generator, results in a nominal value for electrical power output of approximately 750 megawatts. The EU DEMO design of 2 to 4 gigawatts of thermal output will be on the scale of a modern electric power station. The following parameters have been used as a baseline for design studies: the EU DEMO should produce at least 2000 megawatts (2 gigawatts) of fusion power on a continuous basis, and it should produce 25 times as much power as required for scientific breakeven, which does not include the power required to operate the reactor. The most well-known and documented DEMO-class reactor design is that of the European Union (EU). Plans for DEMO-class reactors are intended to build upon the ITER experimental nuclear fusion reactor. With the possible exception of the EU and Japan, there are no plans for international collaboration as there was with ITER. Most of the ITER partners have plans for their own DEMO-class reactors. Artist's concept of DEMO connected to the power gridĭEMO refers to a proposed class of nuclear fusion experimental reactors that are intended to demonstrate the net production of electric power from nuclear fusion.